Many families who were relocated from Metro Manila's informal settlements are returning to their original communities—often called 'tunnel communities'—because the relocation sites fail to provide sustainable livelihood opportunities.
Residents report that the resettlement areas are far from job centers, lack public transportation, and offer no local employment. Without a steady income, they struggle to pay for utilities, food, and other basic needs.
"We were promised a better life, but there are no jobs here. How can we survive?" said one resident, who chose to remain anonymous.
As a result, some families have moved back to the cramped, hazardous tunnels and riverbanks they originally left. Local authorities acknowledge the problem but cite budget constraints and slow infrastructure development.
The situation highlights a broader challenge in urban resettlement programs: moving people out of danger zones is not enough if their economic needs are not addressed.