Cholesterol, a fatty substance primarily produced by the liver, plays a crucial role in building cells and creating hormones. However, high levels of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol—often labeled as "bad" cholesterol—can significantly increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Over time, LDL accumulates on artery walls, narrowing them and restricting blood flow.
Contrary to popular belief, high LDL cholesterol is not exclusive to individuals who are overweight. According to Professor Naveed Sattar, an expert in cardiometabolic medicine at the University of Glasgow, "Genetics are the main driver of higher LDL cholesterol levels." He explains that while diet does have an impact, it's not necessarily about total calorie intake. Instead, the amount of saturated fat consumed—commonly found in cakes, biscuits, chocolate, and many ultra-processed foods—can raise LDL levels. This means that even someone with a relatively lean physique can have high cholesterol due to their genetic makeup or dietary habits.